Cat vaccinations are essential, even for indoor cats. Let’s see what, when, and why.
The "core" vaccines (essential for all)
Trivalent (FVRCP)
Protects against:
- Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR): respiratory virus
- Calicivirus: respiratory + oral ulcers
- Panleukopenia: the "parvovirus" of cats, fatal
Schedule:
- 8-9 weeks: first dose
- 12-13 weeks: second
- 16 weeks: third (in some protocols)
- Booster at 1 year, then every 3 years
FeLV (feline leukemia)
For cats that go outside or live with other cats.
Schedule:
- 9 weeks: first dose
- 12 weeks: second
- Annual boosters
Rabies
Mandatory for outdoor cats and for travel abroad.
Schedule:
- 12-16 weeks: first dose
- Boosters according to product (annual or triennial)
The "non-core" vaccines (optional)
- FIP (feline infectious peritonitis): controversial effectiveness, rarely recommended
- Bordetella: for cats going to boarding or shows
What to do before the vaccine
- General examination
- Temperature check
- Parasitological examination (recent deworming)
- No vaccine if fever or illness is ongoing
Side effects
Mild and short-lived (24-48 hours):
- Lethargy
- Mild swelling at the injection site
- Slight reduction in appetite
Severe (rare, veterinary emergency):
- Persistent vomiting
- Breathing difficulties
- Facial swelling
Post-vaccination sarcoma
Rare complication: tumor at the injection site. To reduce the risk:
- Vaccinate in different areas each time (not always in the neck)
- Use adjuvant-free vaccines when available
In conclusion
Even a cat that stays indoors needs to be vaccinated—some viruses can be brought in on shoes, clothes, or flies coming in through the window. Discuss the schedule with your veterinarian based on your cat's lifestyle.
