Dog Nutrition

Industrial kibble, wet food, BARF diet, homemade diet. The food options for dogs today are many. How to choose the right one for your dog?

The 4 macro-types

1. Industrial kibble

Extruded dry food. Convenient, shelf-stable, easy to measure.

Pros: economical, complete, slightly better dental health.
Cons: low hydration, often high carbohydrates.
Suitable for: healthy dogs with good hydration, families with little time.

2. Industrial wet food

Canned food, trays, pâté. High moisture content.

Pros: palatable, hydrating, often more protein.
Cons: more expensive, limited shelf life after opening.
Suitable for: older dogs, dogs with little appetite, those sensitive to dehydration.

3. BARF diet (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food)

Raw meat, raw meaty bones, organs, vegetables.

Pros: more "natural", shiny coat, reduced feces.
Cons: health risks if not managed well, requires planning.
Suitable for: owners who have time and follow strict hygiene and balancing rules.

4. Homemade cooked diet

Cooked meat + vegetables + grains + supplements.

Pros: ingredients chosen by you, suitable for multiple allergies.
Cons: requires a recipe from a veterinary nutritionist to be balanced.
Suitable for: dogs with food sensitivities, owners who have time.

The 5 factors to choose

1. Age

  • Puppy: specific "puppy" food, high in calories and calcium
  • Adult: standard "adult" food
  • Senior (7+ years): "senior" food, fewer calories, more quality protein

2. Size

  • Small: small kibble, more calorie-dense
  • Large: large kibble, formulated for joints

3. Physiological status

  • Sterilized: "weight management" or "sterilised", fewer calories
  • Pregnant/nursing: "puppy" or reproduction-specific food
  • Sporting: "performance", high calories

4. Health

  • Food allergies: "single protein" or hydrolysates
  • Kidney issues: "renal", low phosphorus
  • Overweight: "light", low calories

5. Budget

The price differences are enormous. Hidden costs (vet for food-related issues) should also be considered.

How to read the label

  • First position: specific protein ("chicken 35%", not "meat and derivatives")
  • No more than 40-50% cereals
  • Without added sugars, chemical preservatives, colorings
  • Indication kcal/100g (for correct dosing)

In a nutshell

There is no "best" diet. There is the one that is most suitable for that dog at that moment. Talk to your veterinarian, observe your dog (coat, weight, energy, feces), adjust over time. The correct diet is the one that works, not the most "fashionable".